منابع مشابه
Multistrain Infections with Lyme Borreliosis Pathogens in the Tick Vector.
Mixed or multiple-strain infections are common in vector-borne diseases and have important implications for the epidemiology of these pathogens. Previous studies have mainly focused on interactions between pathogen strains in the vertebrate host, but little is known about what happens in the arthropod vector. Borrelia afzelii and Borrelia garinii are two species of spirochete bacteria that caus...
متن کاملSpecies co-occurrence patterns among Lyme borreliosis pathogens in the tick vector Ixodes ricinus.
Mixed infections have important consequences for the ecology and evolution of host-parasite interactions. In vector-borne diseases, interactions between pathogens occur in both the vertebrate host and the arthropod vector. Spirochete bacteria belonging to the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato genospecies complex are transmitted by Ixodes ticks and cause Lyme borreliosis in humans. In Europe, ther...
متن کاملTick-host-pathogen interactions in Lyme borreliosis.
Borrelia burgdorferi, the spirochetal agent of Lyme borreliosis, is predominantly transmitted by Ixodes ticks. Spirochetes have developed many strategies to adapt to the different environments that are present in the arthropod vector and the vertebrate host. This review focuses on B. burgdorferi genes that are preferentially expressed in the tick and the vertebrate host, and describes how selec...
متن کاملThe association between tick-borne infections, Lyme borreliosis and autism spectrum disorders.
Chronic infectious diseases, including tick-borne infections such as Borrelia burgdorferi may have direct effects, promote other infections and create a weakened, sensitized and immunologically vulnerable state during fetal development and infancy leading to increased vulnerability for developing autism spectrum disorders. A dysfunctional synergism with other predisposing and contributing facto...
متن کاملTHE FIRST ENDEMIC CASE OF LYME BORRELIOSIS IN IRAN
This case report shows the existence of Lyme borreliosis disease in Iran and proves the existence of the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi in Iran which had not been found before in the ticks of this region. It is important for our physicians to consider Lyme borreliosis in their differential diagnosis. Apart from skin manifestations, neurological, cardiac, articular and ocular lesions are no...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Applied and Environmental Microbiology
سال: 2017
ISSN: 0099-2240,1098-5336
DOI: 10.1128/aem.02552-16